Governor General of Bengal and their work In English PDF

The post of Governor General came into existence after the set up of Regulating Act 1773. Their work is also remembered as per history because they play a very important role in the Bengal and India.

Warren Hastings

Warren Hastings
  • He became Governor of Bengal in 1772 and first Governor-General of Bengal in 1773, through the Regulating Act.
  • He abolished the dual system of administration.
  • Divided Bengal into districts and appointed collectors and other revenue officials.
  • Established India’s first Supreme Court Calcutta.
  • He founded Asiatic Society of Bengal with William Jones in 1784 and wrote introduction to the first English translation of the Gita by Charles Wikins.
  • Started Diwani and Faujidari adalats and the district level Sadar diwani and Nizmat adalats (appellate courts).
  • He refined Hindu and Muslim laws. A translation of code in Sanskrit appeared under the title ‘Code of Gentoo laws’.
  • First Anglo-Maratha War during his period, which ended with Treaty of Salbai (1776-82).
  • Rohilla War in 1774.
  • Pitts India Act, 1784 and Edmund Burke Bill, 1783 was passed.
  • Deprived zamindar of their judicial powers. Maintenance of records was made compulsory.
  • Impeachment proceedings started against him in Britain on the charges of taking bribe. After a trial of 7 years, he was finally acquitted.
Warren Hastings

Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793)

Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793)
  • First person to codify laws (1793). The code separated the revenue administration from the administration of justice.
  • He introduced Izaredari System in 1773.
  • He started the permanent settlement of Bengal.
  • He created the post of District Judge. He is called father of Civil Services in India.
  • Third Anglo-Mysore War and the Treaty of Seringapatnam.
  • He undertook police reforms.
Lord Cornwallis

Sir John Shore (1793-1798)

Sir John Shore (1793-1798)
  • He played an important role in planning the permanent settlement.
  • Introduced First Charter Act (1793).
  • Famous for his policy of non-interference.
  • Battle of Kharla between Nizam and Marathas (1759).
Sir John Shore

Lord Wellesley (1798-1803)

Lord Wellesley (1798-1803)
  • Introduced the system of Subsidiary alliance. Madras presidency was formed during his tenure.
  • Fourth Anglo-Mysore war in 1799, Tipu Sultan died.
  • First subsidiary treaty with Nizam of Hyderabad.
  • Second Anglo-Maratha War.
  • In 1800, he set up Fort William College in Calcutta. He was famous as Bengal Tiger.
  • He brought the censorship of Press Act, 1799.

Subsidiary

  • The subsidiary alliance system was used by Wellesley to bring Indian states within the orbit of British Political power.
  • Under this system, the ruler of the allying Indian state was compelled to accept the Permanent Stationing of a British force within his territory and to pay a subsidiary for its maintenance. British promised that they will not interfere in the internal affairs but this was a promise they seldom kept.
  • It disarmed the Indian states and three British protectorate over them.
  • First to accept subsidiary alliance was Nizam of Hyderabad 1798, second Nawab of Awadh, 1801.
  • The Peshwa, the Bhonsle, the Scindhia and Rajputs of Jodhpur, Jaipur accepted the subsidiary alliance.
Lord Wellesley

Sir George Barlow (1805-07)

Sir George Barlow (1805-07)
  • Vellore mutiny (1806, by soldiers).
  • Second Anglo-Maratha War ended.
Sir George Barlow

Lord Minto

Lord Minto
  • Treaty of Amritsar (1809) with Ranjit Singh.
  • Charter Act of 1813 ended the monopoly of East India Company in India.
Lord Minto 1

Lord Hastings (1813-23)

Lord Hastings (1813-23)
  • Adopted the policy of intervention and war.
  • Anglo-Nepal War (1813-23).
  • Third Anglo-Marathas War (1817-18).
  • Introduced the Ryotwari settlement in Madras by Thomas Munro, the Governor.
  • Treaty of Sangli with Gorkhas (1816).
  • Treaty of Poona (1817) with Peshwa.
  • Suppression of Pindaris (1817-1818).
Lord Hastings

Lord Amherst (1823-28)

Lord Amherst (1823-28)
  • First Anglo Burmese War (1824-26), signed Treaty of Gandaboo in 1826 with lower Burma of Pegu, by which British merchants were allowed to settle on Southern coast of Burma.
  • Acquisition of Malaya Peninsula and Bharatpur (1826).
Lord Amherst

Governor General of Bengal and their work PDF

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Governor General of Bengal and their work – pdf download

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